Threat 04

    Institutional impersonation

    The fraud that exploits the reputation of your brand, your practice, your institution.

    STEGA TRUST · Identity vs. fakes1 real / 3 fake
    Manu & Partners Firm
    contact@manu-associes.fr
    STEGA TRUST certified
    Manu & Partners Firm
    contact@manu-ass0cies.fr
    Fake – Typosquatting
    Manu & Partners Firm
    contact@manu-associes-fr.com
    Fake – Fake domain
    Manu & Partners Firm
    manu.associes@gmail.com
    Fake – Generic email
    Without certification, your recipient can't tell the difference.
    Definition

    What are we talking about exactly ?

    Institutional impersonation involves posing as a recognised trusted entity: a notary, a school, an accounting firm, a public authority, an insurer.

    The damage is twofold: the victim loses money or data, and the institution's reputation is tarnished through no fault of its own.

    Mechanism

    How it works

    1. 1
      Choosing the brand

      The attacker selects an institution whose name inspires trust and which communicates frequently by email.

    2. 2
      Reproducing the codes

      Logo, signature, tone, legal notices, legal references. Everything is copied from public emails.

    3. 3
      Targeted or mass distribution

      The attack targets either the institution's known clients or the general public via a purchased or compromised list.

    4. 4
      Exploiting trust

      The recipient doesn't doubt it: it's their notary, their school, their pension fund. They act.

    Figures

    What the data tells us

    +93 %
    increase in wire fraud among French professionals in 2025 (Cybermalveillance.gouv.fr)
    55 Md$
    cumulative global losses from Business Email Compromise, including email identity impersonation, reported to the FBI between 2013 and 2023
    Real cases

    Concrete examples

    Case
    Fake notary

    An email signed with a well-known notary's name requests an urgent guarantee transfer to finalise a sale. Everything is credible: name, practice, ongoing case.

    Case
    Fake school

    Parents receive an email signed by the school's management, requesting a deposit for a school trip to a modified IBAN.

    Defences

    What works, and what falls short

    • Legal notice in the footer: invisible and unverifiable.
    • Notice on the website: the victim will only see it after the fraud.
    • Active education of regular recipients (clients, parents, partners).
    • Verifiable cryptographic signature, readable directly in the mail client. The badge becomes the reflex.
    STEGA TRUST's response

    How STEGA TRUST responds to this threat

    STEGA TRUST gives institutions a visible, verifiable way to prove an email really comes from them. The badge in the mail client, the verification QR code, and the public page stegatrust.com/verifier become the new reflex.

    Your brand stops being a fraud tool. It becomes proof again.

    Protect my organisation
    Quiz

    Test your knowledge

    1. Who is the first victim of institutional impersonation?
    2. Why isn't a website notice enough?
    Frequently asked questions

    The essential answers

    The display name and email address can both be imitated. The only reliable verification is a cryptographic certification of the sender, independent of what the inbox shows.